Christ on the Mount of Olives, op. 85
Oratorio
Christus am Ölberge (in English, Christ on the Mount of Olives), Op. 85, is an oratorio by Ludwig van Beethoven portraying the emotional turmoil of Jesus in the garden of Gethsemane prior to his crucifixion. It was begun in the fall of 1802, soon after his completion of the Heiligenstadt Testament, as indicated by evidence in the Wielhorsky sketchbook. The libretto in German is by the poet Franz Xaver Huber, editor of the Wiener Zeitung, with whom Beethoven worked closely. It was written in a very short period; in a letter to Breitkopf & Härtel written shortly after the oratorio's completion, Beethoven spoke of having written it in "a few weeks", although he later claimed that the piece required no more than 14 days to complete. It was first performed on April 5, 1803 at the Theater an der Wien in Vienna; in 1811, it was revised by Beethoven for publication by Breitkopf & Härtel. The 10 years that passed between the composition of the work and its publication resulted in its being assigned a relatively high opus number. The piece premiered in the United States in 1809; it was Beethoven's first success in the United States.
Movements
- II: IIa. Recitative "Erzittre, Erde, Jehova's Sohn liegt hier!" (Seraph)
- II: IIb. Aria "Preist des Erlösers Güte" (Seraph)
- II: Choir of Angels "O Heil euch, ihr Erlösten" (Seraph, Choir)
- III: IIIa. Recitative "Verkündet, Seraph, mir dein Mund Erbarmen" (Jesus, Seraph)
- III: IIIb. Duet "So ruhe denn mit ganzer Schwere" (Jesus, Seraph)
- IV: IVa. Recitative "Willkommen, Tod" (Jesus)
- IV: IVb. Choir of Warriors "Wir haben ihn gesehen"
- V: Va. Recitative "Die mich zu fangen ausgezogen sind" (Jesus)
- V: Vb. Choir of Warriors "Hier ist er, der Verbannte"
- V: Choir of Children "Was soll der Lärm bedeuten?"
- VI: VIa. Recitative "Nicht ungestraft soll der Verweg'nen Schar" (Petrus, Jesus)
- VI: VIb. Trio "In meinen Adern wühlen gerechter Zorn und Wut" (Petrus, Jesus, Seraph)
- VI: Choir of Warriors "Auf, auf! Ergreifet den Verräter" / VId. Choir of Children "Ach! wir werden seinetwegen auch gehasst, verfolget sein" / VIe. "Meine Qual ist bald ver..." (Jesus)
- VI: VIf. Choir of Angels "Welten singen Dank und Ehre"
- Choir "Preiset ihn, ihr Engelchöre"
- Aria "Meine Seele ist erschüttert" (Jesus)
- Choir "Doch weh!" Die frech entehren
- Ia. Introduction. Grave - Adagio
- Ib. Recitative "Jehova, du mein Vater!" (Jesus)